Tabbara+SS+G-+Jayoon

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WELCOME TO JAYOON'S WIKI PAGE! = = =ENJOY!! = =__Ancient Egypt__= = = = = =media type="custom" key="5120043" align="center"= = = = = = =

== = = =__Assignment 5__=
 * Sources:**
 * Athens: [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/The+Battle+of+Marathon.pdf"]] [|The Battle of Marathon.pdf]
 * Sparta: [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/The+Battle+of+Thermopylae.pdf"]] [|The Battle of Thermopylae.pdf]
 * Corinth: [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/The+Peloponnesian+War.pdf"]] [|The Peloponnesian War.pdf]

=__Assignment 4 __= Answer the following questions **in your notebook**. Make sure your answers are **clear** and **detailed**. == =__Assignment 3__= Sources: Copy the following venn diagram **in your notebook**. Then, using all of the sources above, compares these three poleis by filling in the proper area in the venn diagram. =__Assignment 2__= Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow **in your notebook**.
 * Directions:** Follow the directions given to you in class.
 * 1) What type of government did you work under as you built your acropolis?
 * 2) How did you feel working under this type of government? **Be honest :), specific, and detailed in your answer.**
 * 3) **Explain clearly** at least two advantages to working under this type of government?
 * 4) **Explain clearly** at least two disadvantages to working under this type of government?
 * 5) Which one of the types of governments we learned about would you like to be a citizen of? Why?
 * Athens
 * Corinth
 * Sparta

The Minoans:** Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
 * __The Origins of the Greeks__

Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
 * The Mycenaeans:**

//1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common?// They were very good at crafting, they were both famous for their works of art, and they all grew. //2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different?// Minoans traded across/ through water. They created lots of art work, while the Mycenean civilization created works for war. The Minoans were interested more in art, religion, and agriculture, while the Mycenean Civilization was more into developing stronger military. //3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae?// I think that there are lots of aspects of Minoan Civilization in Mycenae, because it was the civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece. //4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced?// Maybe Egypt, and Asia Minor, because they traded by sea with them. //5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history?// I think that the war materials such as uniforms, and elaborate helmets will be survived, also art work. The others can make more and more items, taking the ones from the 'first civilization' as an example. So, the first form of the material (ex: the first uniform) will be remembered, and other civilizations could use them, or use them to make better ones out of it. //6. Using your **textbook pages 256-257**, explain how the decline of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans was similar.// Both civilizations were guessed to be destructed by natural disaster. The Myceneans were thought to be attacked, or killed by war. The Minoans were thought to have a 'great flood', or an eruption. =__**Assignment 1**__=
 * Source 1:** []


 * Source 2:** []


 * Directions:** Using **both** sources above, neatly and clearly label the following on your scribble map.
 * Greece (text label)
 * Athens (marker)
 * Corinth (marker)
 * Sparta (marker)
 * Mount Olympus (text label)
 * Crete (text label)
 * Knossos (its' a city on Crete) (marker)
 * the Aegean Sea (text label)
 * the Black Sea (text label)
 * the Ionian Sea (text label)

=__Assignment 10__= Now that we are finished our unit about ancient India, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned. Please answer clearly and with details. Each answer must be at least two sentences. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... Buddhism (Buddha) and Hinduism. I thought that they were the most important because they were the 2 very different popular religions in India. We also

2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... The eightfold path, because there was lots of quotations, so it was confusing to understand.

3. What surprised me the most was... How Asoka invented the resting places for people, and spread it out over the world, because it began in India, and spread out around the whole world. India is much smaller than the States, but now, it's spread around over the world.

4. I would like to know more about... The Mahabharata, because I know a lot abot the Ramayana, but not as much about the Mahabharata.

5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The eightfold path, because it tells me what I should do in life. =__Assignment 9__=
 * Source:** Online Textbook pages 162-171


 * Directions:** You are a sage and you will teach your classmates a part of ancient India's history. The four parts are...
 * The Mauryan Empire (page 162-163, 166)
 * The Gupta Empire (page 164-165)
 * Indian Achievements- Religious Art & Sanskrit Literature (page 167-169)
 * Indian Achievements- Scientific Advances (page 170-171)

Each part has (or might have) pictures, illustrations, maps, dates, vocabulary words, and important people. Your job as a sage is to become an expert on your part so you will be able to comfortably and confidently teach others. Remember that if you don't understand the information, you won't be able to teach others properly. Follow these steps to become a great sage: = =
 * 1) Read all the information on the pages you are responsible for. Don't just read the main parts, look at the other information such as maps or diagrams or pictures.
 * 2) Take notes in your notebook and answer the **//Reading Check//** question after each section to make sure you understand the information. You also have to answer the questions about your section from **page 176** (section 4 or 5).
 * 3) Decide how you are going to present the information to your students. Will you just talk about the information (this can be boring) or will you use visuals or give a slideshow presentation (this can be more interesting)? Remember that your students have not read the information and are counting on you to teach them in an interesting and educational way.
 * 4) How will you check if your students understood the information? Will you make up questions to ask them? What else will you do? Will you ask your students to create something that shows their understanding? Think about how you are taught at school and the activities you do in your classes.
 * 5) Your students must do the work you give them and they must do the following:
 * add at least three important events to their timelines (you choose the events)

=__Assignment 8__= Write your answers for this assignment in your **NOTEBOOK**.
 * Sources:**
 * 1. Online Textbook page 157
 * 2. Online Textbook pages 158-159
 * Directions:**

__Part 1__ Using source number 1, write your own clear and complete sentences using of the following words. Remember that your sentences should show that you know the meanings of the words. __Part 2__ Using source number 2, write about the following: >> __Part 3__ Using source number 2, create a clear and neat Venn diagram showing the differences and similarities between Hinduism and Buddhism.
 * fasting
 * meditation
 * The Four Noble Truths
 * Summarize in 3-4 sentences
 * Give one real-world example for each truth
 * The Eightfold Path
 * Summarize in 3-4 sentences
 * Explain how you are following at least three of the eight parts of the path in your life today
 * Explain how you are NOT following two of the eight parts of the path in your life today

=**__Assignment 7__**= Using the sources above, complete the //Buddha's Path to Enlightenment// sheet by...
 * Sources:**
 * Online Textbook pages 156-157
 * The Buddha's Biography
 * Pictures:
 * 1. [|Siddhartha's Birth]
 * 2. [|Princely Life]
 * 3. [|Discovers Aging Sickness Death]
 * 4. [|Leaves Family]
 * 5. [|Becomes the Buddha]
 * Directions:**
 * completing the drawing for each picture.
 * writing an appropriate caption (2-3 sentences) for each picture.
 * adding three labels to each picture.
 * coloring each picture.
 * coloring the other parts of the sheet for a higher grade.

=**__Assignment 6__**= Follow the directions on the handout for your illustrated poem about the //Ramayana//. Here is additional information:
 * You must have at least four visuals and they must all be original (i.e. you must create them).
 * Your poem must be neatly typed in an easy to read font or __neatly__ hand written.
 * Your name should appear on the front side of your poem.
 * You may use more than one sheet of paper.
 * Your poem must be converted to a PDF and put into my dropbox on the due date given to you in class.
 * Scripts for all five scenes--->[[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/ReadersTheaterRamayana.pdf"]] [|ReadersTheaterRamayana.pdf]

Website: [|India-Government]
 * __ Assignment 5 __**

Use the website above to answer these questions.

1. Why would having a central government help in planning and organizing a city? Having a central government helps in planning and organizing the city because the lay out of the cities were almost the same between cities. 2. Who were Rajahs? The Rajahs were the rulers of the cities. 3. What is a Guru? A Guru was a type of teacher that would live with a student until the student turned 20. 4. What subjects were taught in school? They learned about religion, since it was very important. Also, they learned about the government, because religion was a big part of the government. 5. Who was in charge of the government? The Indus Priests were somewhat in charge of the government. 6. Why did people look up to the priests? They looked up to the priests because they were the ones who gave offerings to the gods. 7. Look up the word 'sage' in any dictionary. What does it mean and what word from questions 1-6 is it similar to? Sage means a wise person, and I think it is similar to Gurus, because they have to be smart enough to spend nearly 20 years with each student. Also, I think Rajahs might have been smart enough, since they had to rule/ lead the whole city.

**Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.** 1. What varna were you in during the caste system simulation? I was the Brahmins during the caste system simulation.
 * __ Assignment 4 __**

2. What was your favorite part about the caste system simulation? Why? The favorite part about the caste system was the part that I (Christina and I) got to command people to do things, make them do everything we say, and that we get everything we want. The reason that I liked this part was because I could get everything I want, unlike real life, I could feel what it actually feels like being the highest position in an Indian Civilization.

3. What part of the simulation made you angry, upset, or frustrated? Why? Something that made me angry, upset or frustrated was when the people below me (the craftsmen, farmers, e.t.c) couldn't do things fast enough, or when I didn't get what I wanted because the props were not in the classroom. Also, I got upset with some of the workers when they didn't listen to my orders, or what I want/ command them to do was not possible to be completed because it was against the rules Mr. Tabbara gave us.

4. Do you think this system is fair? Why or why not? I thought that the system was fair, because in real life, it is true like what craftsmen have to do for the king: make building projects, give them presents, do what the kings ask, e.t.c. Also, I thought that it was fair even if the people who have lower positions than me had to do things that they dislike, but they have to do it because it is an ORDER from the people who have higher positions than them. So, I agree that sometimes lower positions have to do things that they don't like for the upper positions, because they are in a lower position then the upper position, which means that the upper position people have the right to command the lower position.

5. Do you think a society should organize people into social classes? Why or Why not? I think that a society should organize people into social classes, because otherwise, people will be acting the same to the government, kings, and police. If that happens, then we won't follow the rules (law), since we treat polices and governments the same as how we treat regular people in the same social level. If we don't have social levels, we would think that the things that the police and government's rules are optional, which will cause the world to be a chaos. There will also not be many building projects going on, because it would be like people in the same social level are asking another in the same social level to build something, which nobody will really want to do, if it is not a ORDER from someone like a king, or government.**__

Assignment 3 __** Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions __clearly__ and __completely__ on your wiki page. **Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.**
 * Source:** [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="file/view/Archeologists Ideas Mohenjo-Daro.pdf"]] Archeologists Ideas Mohenjo-Daro.pdf

1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity? I have learned that people in Mohenjo Daro care about appearance, rich people have necklaces, they drank from a well, and they had a 'great bath' like a huge tub. 2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain. The artifacts represented the highly develped of art and culture, because that is a piece of artifact, that they made, which belongs to art, and those drawings, and letters show their culture, which were pretty developed looking at the things drawn. (they have horses) There were statues they made, which proved that their 3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city? They didn't have individual bathtubs, they had a great bath, the sewers were outside, and they measured grains with rocks. 4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region? The reason that we don't know much about the life in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus Sarasvati region is because most of the city is destroyed, not many people 5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro? Because of diseases, natural disasters. __** Website: [|Indus Valley] Use the website above to answer these questions. Write your answers in **complete sentences** with **clear details** on your wiki page. 1. What was discovered during the excavations of Mohenjo-Daro? The elephant seal, the necklace,the terracotta, the model cart, and the weights. 2. How is Mohenjo-Daro similar to our cities today? The houses were made out of bricks, and the rooms/houses were separate, and there were also wells, like today. 3. What can we learn from archaeological discoveries (such as artifacts and city construction) in Mohenjo-Daro? We can learn that people got water out of the well, and that they had little dolls, and accessorize/jewelry to wear. 4. Give clear and specific information about how people lived in Mohenjo-Daro. In your answer, you have to talk about the artifacts that you discovered and put into the museum. There were lots of jewels, and different figures in the museum, which tells us that they had lots of dolls, and jewels, that they put on themselves. There were also seals, terracotta, necklaces, model carts, and weights. 5. What do we know about the Priest-King? The Priest King is known(thought/prediction) as a priest, or great ruler. 6. What was the Great Bath and how was it used? The great bath was used for religious ceremonies, with a length of 12 meters, and width of 7 meters. 1. In what ways is your map similar to the one that you see in the map above? My map is similar to the map displayed here, because some of the symbols are similar, and the places that I labeled was labeled the same. 2. What physiographic features can you identify on this map that are not on your map? There are 2 rivers that flow against the Indus river. There is Sarasvati River 3. Why do you think settlements developed along the Indus and Saravati rivers? Explain with clear and complete details. I think that settlements developed along the Indus and Saravati rivers because the land is fertile. It also has the kyber pass, which is a good trade route that leads to Asian countries. 4. Accurately label the ancient Sarasvati River on your map. yes. 5. Why did ancient Indian people eventually migrate to the Ganga River? The sarasvati river eventually dried up, that is why the ancient Indians eventually migrated to the Ganga river.
 * __ Assignment 2
 * __ Assignment 1 __** **Source: [|IndiaSubcontinentMapTrans.jpg]**
 * Directions: Look at the map above, read the text below, and answer the following questions on your wiki page:**
 * I**n the 1990's, satellite pictures revealed an ancient, dried riverbed located in India's present-day Thar Desert. Geologists have identified this riverbed as the route of the ancient **Sarasvati River**. The Sarasvati lay east of the Indus River and generally followed the same course, originating in the Himalaya mountains and emptying into the Arabian Sea. Geologists believe that the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati evolved into the dry, hot desert that exists today. Early Indian agricultural settlements arose in the Indus-Sarasvati river region at least as far back as 6500 B.C.E. Like many other ancient peoples, the early Indians settled by rivers. They settled primarily on the banks of the Sarasvati River as well as along the banks of the Indus River. These rivers provided the ancient Indians with plenty of water, and the land near the rivers was fertile and excellent for growing crops. The rivers also provided the Indians with a convenient way to travel and trade among themselves and with other civilizations. Archeologists have found artifacts from the Indus-Sarasvati civilization - such as carved seals - in Mesopotamia's Sumer. These discoveries have led scholars to believe that the early Indians traded with Mesopotamia, possibly by traveling in ships down the Indus and Sarasvati rivers to the Arabian Sea and then west to Sumer and other locations. After the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E., the Indus-Sarasvati Indians moved to more habitable areas, such as the fertile banks of the Ganga river further east. Archeological evidence shows, however, that people settled by the Ganga River as far back as 5000 B.C.E.
 * Questions:**

= = =**__Assignment 12__**= Now that we are finished with the ancient Egypt unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about ancient Egypt. Please complete these sentences**clearly and with specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... the Riverboat tour, because in the riverboat tour, we followed along with the pictures that were included, we got to know about certain places, about it's Pharaoh, and which kingdom it was in. We also learned about some of the cultures at that time (which covers a lot about the civilizations in Egypt). 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... Some of the spells that were written in the 'Book of Dead', because I don't know why the Pharaohs would need those spells, also some of the spells, I didn't get the usage of it, or the meaning. 3. What surprised me the most was... the process / how they mummify dead bodies, because I thought that you wouldn't need to pull out any of the organs, and just wrap the dead body, instead, we had to pull out 4 of the internal organs from dead bodies. 4. I would like to know more about... the Egyptian underworlds, because it is interesting to know a lot about an afterlife, of pharaohs. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The gods of Egypt, because they have unique characteristics, and some of their personalities, I think seem a little violent. Also, because they aren't full human, they are always animals, mixed with human.

Assignment 11 **Sources:**
 * Online Textbook pages 93-103
 * Wiki Assignments
 * Your Notes

Use the above sources to label your 3D Timeline with labels about: =__Assignment 10__= __Ancient Egypt Topic Peer Assessment__ Go to our YouTube Channel and login using the username and password given in class. You will assess your classmates' videos using the rubric for the ancient Egypt project and by answering the questions below. Each answer must be at least **two** sentences long. Post your assessment in the comments section under each classmate's video. Please make sure you include your first name only or your comment will be deleted. You must comment on **four** classmates' videos: (Note: YouTube has a 500 word limit on comments. You might have to divide your assessment comments into two posts.)
 * Directions:**
 * Ancient Egypt's three kingdoms (Provide a clear and detailed **three** sentence description about __**each**__ kingdom. Each kingdom must have a separate label on the timeline.)
 * Pharaoh Khufu (Provide a clear and detailed **two** sentence description about him.)
 * The Hyksos in Egypt (Provide a clear and detailed **two** sentence description about them.)
 * Pharaoh Hatshepsut (Provide a clear and detailed **two** sentence description about her.)
 * Ramses the Great (Provide a clear and detailed **two** sentence description about him.)
 * Requirements:**
 * Each event label must have a simple title about the information
 * Each event label must have correct dates
 * Each event label must have an appropriate picture
 * Each event label must have a citation for the picture
 * Sentences should be **complete** and **detailed**
 * classmate above your name
 * classmate below your name
 * two other classmates of your choice

1. How did your classmate make the video interesting and creative?

2. Was it easy to understand your classmates presentation including his/her voice? Why or why not?

3. Clearly explain two things you learned from your classmate's video.

4. How could your classmate improve his/her video?

=__Assignment 9__= A Block- Tuesday Feb. 23 D Block- Monday Feb. 22 G Block- Tuesday Feb. 23 **
 * Due Dates:
 * Task:** You are to research your assigned topic from Egyptian history and create a video presentation using iMovie. The video presentation should be 3-4 minutes and include the following required elements:


 * Rubric: [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/Ancient+Egypt+Project+Rubric.pdf"]] [|Ancient Egypt Project Rubric.pdf]**


 * 1) Introduce your topic to the audience and explain the importance of your subject in Ancient Egypt.
 * 2) Explain and show where your topic belongs on a map of Egypt. You may have to be creative with this part because your topic might not be from one area.
 * 3) Present 5 interesting facts you have learned about your subject from your research. Include dates and/or which kingdom (old, middle, new).
 * 4) Identify at least one of the [[image:http://c1.wikicdn.com/i/mime/32/application/pdf.png width="32" height="32" link="http://kis6ss.wikispaces.com/file/view/Six+Characteristics+of+Civilization.pdf"]] [|Six Characteristics of Civilization.pdf] that is evident in your topic and explain how your topic relates to the characteristic.
 * 5) How does your topic relate to our society today?
 * 6) Include appropriate images/video to make your presentation **clear**, **interesting** , **original** , and ** creative **.
 * 7) Conclude your presentation by restating the significance (importance) of your topic to history.
 * 8) Use your own voice for the audio part of your presentation.
 * 9) You (and your partner) must appear in the video for at least 30 seconds as you present your information.
 * 10) Use at least four different sources. At least one of your sources must be from the KIS Library Resources
 * 11) Cite any images/videos that you use at the end.
 * 12) Cite your sources at the end.

__**Helpful Hints**__ =__Assignment 8__= =**__Assignment 7__**= Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page.
 * Follow the steps above in order. Your research will be first (1-7 above), then you will start working on the iMovie.
 * You will be asked to show your progress on this project in every class before the due date. **Your progress will be graded.**
 * Originality and creativity will be rewarded with a higher grade. For example, if you draw some of your images you will get a more points than someone who just copies images from the Internet.
 * Part 1:** Riverboat Tour Part 1
 * Part 2:** Riverboat Tour Part 2

The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE) Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...** Pharaohs had absolute power and were considered gods on earth. But that's not why this kingdom is nicknamed "The Pyramid Age". Pharaohs were buried in pyramids only during this time period in history. After building a few pyramids, at great expense to the state, it occurred to pharaohs that pyramids were rather easy to spot, and thus, much easier to rob than a hidden tomb. Things changed during the middle kingdom.
 * __Part 1__
 * Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
 * Workers
 * Importance of the pyramids

The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE-2200 BCE): Pharaohs had absolute power and were considered gods on earth, and controlled everyone’s afterlife, according to our text book’s page 100. But that's not why this kingdom is nicknamed "The Pyramid Age".A pyramids are huge stone tombs with four triangle shaped sides that met in a point on top (pg.98). Pharaohs were buried in pyramids only during this time period in history. The pyramid wasn’t built by slaves, as many people believe, it was built by people that the nobles chose, and that was for sure, because the workers of the Pyramid got paid, and a slave doesn’t. After building a few pyramids, at great expense to the state, it occurred to pharaohs that pyramids were rather easy to spot, and thus, much easier to rob than a hidden tomb. Things changed during the middle kingdom.

Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...** The middle kingdom was Egypt's Golden Age. Trade flourished, arts and literature flourished. Egypt built strong armies to defend herself against her neighbors. During the time period of the middle kingdom, pharaohs were expected to be good kings and wise rulers. And pharaohs were buried in hidden tombs, all over the place. Most probably, there are tombs yet to be discovered because they were hidden so well.
 * __Part 2__**
 * The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
 * the difference with the Old Kingdom
 * what life was like during this time
 * wars or battles and who was involved

The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE-1800 BCE): The middle kingdom was Egypt's Golden Age. According to my textbook page 101, the Egyptians seemed to save their money, ‘Building and maintaining pyramids cost a lot of money, at the end of the Old Kingdom, the wealth and power of the Pharaohs declined’.Trade flourished, arts and literature flourished. Egypt built strong armies to defend herself against her neighbors. During the time period of the middle kingdom, pharaohs were expected to be good kings and wise rulers. And pharaohs were buried in hidden tombs, all over the place. Most probably, there are tombs yet to be discovered because they were hidden so well. In this time, evil nobles used their government positions to take power from the pharaohs. In time, nobles gained enough power to challenge the Pharaohs. In about 2200 BC, the Old Kingdom had fallen, and for the next 160 years, nobles ruled much of Egypt, because the kingdom had no specific ruler.

__**Part 3**__ Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...**
 * The New Kingdom (1570 BCE - 1070 BCE) **
 * Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 102-103 in our textbook.
 * what new territories were conquered
 * names of pharaoh's involved in expansion
 * wars or battles and who was involved
 * trading (who and what)

The new kingdom was Egypt's expansion period. Egypt expanded her borders through military conquest and became a world power. During the time period of the new kingdom, pharaohs were all powerful, and pharaohs were all buried in the same geographic area called the Valley of the Kings. The Pharaohs were Queen Hatshepsut, and Ramssess. The new kingdom was Egypt's expansion period. They built tombs, and temples.They also traded a lot. Queen Hatshepsut was involved in trading, with gold, Ostrich feathers, with Sinai Peninsula, and Greece. Before the golden age, the Hyksos ruled the North Egypt, and the Nubians ruled Southern Egypt,they were lined up just like Mexico, Canada, and U.S.A. U.S.A is in the middle, and (for example) if Mexico and Canada try to take over the United States they have to go toward the middle, to conquer U.S.A, Just like that, the Nubians, and Hyksos were moving towards the middle. The messengers of the Hyksos were carrying a message that requested the Nubians to equally conquer the rest of Egypt, the middle; the old Kingdom. Which caused Egypt to keep on getting divided. From then on, the foreigners ruled Egypt for 150 years. In no time, Egypt started hating foreigners, and being ruled by them either. Then,Egypt expanded the//i//r borders through military conquest and became a world power. The Egyptians expanded from the Red Sea to the Western Desert. They also became very rich. During the time period of the new kingdom, pharaohs were all powerful, and pharaohs were all buried in the same geographic area called the Valley of the Kings. =__Assignment 6 Jayoon's Comic: __= Due Dates: A Block- Wednesday January 20 D Block- Wednesday January 20 G Block- Tuesday January 19 (Note: At the beginning of class on the due date, we will convert your comic to a PDF and upload it to your wiki page.) =**__Assignment 5__**=
 * Directions: Use your notes, wiki assignments, and the Egyptian Underworld video to create a comic showing the mummification process and the Egyptian underworld using ComicLife. Your comic must show the following:**
 * the process of mummifying a pharaoh
 * the tomb of the pharaoh and the entry into the underworld
 * at least three obstacles the spirit has to go through in the underworld
 * the various demons or dangers of the underworld
 * spells/passwords/magic words that you create to help the spirit through the underworld
 * must be colorful and detailed
 * a title and your name
 * length: two to four pages which includes a bibliography page for images or information you use
 * additional information we didn't learn from **one** of the following sources:
 * [|http://wsu.edu/~dee/EGYPT/UNDER.HTM]
 * []
 * Source:** How to Mummify Nefermaat
 * Directions:** Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions __**clearly and with details**__
 * 1) Why did Egyptians want to [|preserve] dead bodies?
 * 2) How did they [|preserve] bodies? What is this process of preservation called?
 * 3) Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. Why was the brain removed?
 * 4) Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. What was done with these organs?
 * 5) What did they do with the heart? Why?
 * 6) What is natron and why was it used? Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from.
 * 7) How was [|linen] used during mummification?
 * 8) What are [|amulets] and how were they used? Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used.
 * 9) What happens to the body after it is mummified ?

Answers- 1. The Egyptians wanted to preserve dead bodies because they wanted to recognize the dead body. 2. The Egyptians preserved bodies by taking out the important organs, except for the heart, let the blood out, put salt in the body for the liquid to dry, take it out, wrap it with linen, and put it into the coffin. The process of preservation was called mummification. 3. The brain was removed from the body with a hook through the body's nose, and with the hook through the nostrils, you can poke the brain to drop it. Then, you can take it out. The organs in the body (except for the heart) is taken out, through the hole made beside your liver, with a knife. After the organs are taken out, they put it in the jars. 4. The four internal organs that are removed from the dead body are: the liver, the intestine, the stomach, and the lungs. The organs are put in the jar. 5. They leave the heart in the body, because they thought the heart as the way they thought about the brain. 6. The natron is a kind of salt, and it is used to dry the blood in the body. 7. Linen is used for wrapping. 8. Amulets are a kind of jewels that Egyptions believed which protected them from spirits. 9. After mummified, it gets put into the coffin. P1- The goddess or god that I would most prefer to be is Hathor, the goddess of love, and joy. The reason I would want to be Hathor is because if I am in charge of love and joy, then I can make people get together to be friends, and everyone could end up being friends. We could all be helping each other which would make a peaceful world. Everyone would be friends with each other, and if everyone is, there wouldn't be people working on the streets, in the cold winter, since they can get help from their friends. I would make the Earth a loving world, where everyone can enjoy, and love each other.
 * Part 1:** Go to this [|site] and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses . Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess . Then choose one that you would __**not**__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**.

The god that I would not want to be is Osiris ruler of the underworld, and god of death. The reason that I wouldn't want to be Osiris is because I don't want to see dead people coming in all the time. That would be freaky, and I wouldn't want to have dead people where I live. Since I am a god (if I am Osiris), I would be in a higher position, and I should be treated with great respect, at a palace that is far away from the dead. Gods don't deserve dead bodies around them. I would want to see a pleasant sight before me, but if I am sitting there all day, in the Underworld, if I look out, I would see the dead people wandering around, and all I can do is watch them.

P2- Similar gods: 1. Anu and Nut - Anu and Nut are both gods, goddesses of the sky. 2. Isis and Ishtar - Isis and Ishtar are both goddesses of love. 3. Anu and Horus - They are both gods of the sky. I think that although Egypt, and the Mesopotamian civilizations are different, they have similar gods because they believed similar things. They might have some things in common, with their beliefs, also. =__Assignment 3__= Directions: After playing __**five**__ classmates' games, go to the discussion tab of each classmate and __**respectfully**__ give them your opinion about their game. You must comment on the person above you and below you in the list and three other classmates. You must write about the following: 1. Give your opinion about their game (good questions?, clear questions?, mix of difficulty?) 2. Mistakes you found in the game (grammar/information/confusing information) 3. Suggestions to improve the game (more easy or hard questions, better grammar, clearer questions) =**__Assignment 2__**=
 * Part 2:** Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the Mesopotamian gods and goddesses. Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilization were different?
 * Source: Read pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook**
 * Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

1. Read the //If YOU were there section//. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh? I would feel that it is fair, because Pharaoh was in a much higher society then us, so he has the right to control us, and get what he wanted from us. Also, he helps Egypt improve it's reputation, and how it looks, like building Sphinx, or the pyramid, or something like that. 2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call ............. . When did it start and end? The third Dynasty was called the 'OLD KINGDOM' ; it started and ended in 2700- 220 B.C.E. 3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh. The ancient Egyptians felt that Egypt belongs to the gods, and that Pharaoh just came and took over. 4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh? The responsibilities of Pharaoh was to keep the land as peaceful, without wars, and be able to trade for other resources. 5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? Can you name a specific monument built for him? The best known for Khufu is the Pyramid of Khufu. 6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.) The highest society was the Pharaoh, the second highest was the Nobles, the third one was scribes, and craftmen, and the fourth was farmers, peasants, and slaves. The pharaoh ruled Egypt as the god, the nobles were officials who helped run governments, the craftmen produced goods, and the scribes wrote for the people, and farmers, slaves, or servants worked. 6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves? The advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population is that you can work in groups, so, you can talk with them, and rest sometimes, you won't be lonely while working. 6.c. What did farmers do during flood season? When there was a flood, the farmers worked for the Pharao's building projects. 7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with). They traded with their neighbors, and they traded something like gold, copper, and slaves. 8. Define the word //**acquire**//. Use //**acquire**// in an original sentence. acquire- (v) to get The owner of the jewelry shop can acquire all the jewels that she wants. 9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed? I think that the Viziers would be placed above the Nobles, right below Pharaoh. Assignment 1
 * Source: Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.** **(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)**

(Note: //Mark// means use a marker, //label// means use a text label, //represent// means draw a symbol to show the item.)
 * Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. //Label everything carefully//.**

1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract. **(Use the textbook to help you with this part.)** 2. Label the Red Sea. 3. Represent three mines and three quarries. Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry 4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), and the oasis of Faiyum-Include dates, palm trees, and crocodiles. Provide an image and a description for each historic site 5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Hermopolis, Akhetaten, Memphis, Bubastis. Alexandria, Meroe, Khartoum, and Elephantine 6. Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta, the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature. 7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt.

= =
 * __MESOPOTAMIA__**

= = =**__Assignment 13__**= Now that we are finished with the Mesopotamia unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Mesopotamia. Please complete these sentences **clearly and with specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... In my opinion, the most important thing I learned was the 6 characteristics of a civilizations, because if we don't know the characteristics, I wouldn't be able to tell the difference between a civilzation, and a place that isn't a civilization, which means that I won't know where a civilization is, and what the place needs in order to be a civilization. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was the 'Sumerian Achievements' because some of the achievements weren't similar to anything right now, so I would have to memorize, or really look for it in the book to completely understand the rules. 3. What surprised me the most was... What surprised me the most was the way the Emperors in the old time treated their people in their empire, how cruel they were, for example, Sargon tried to kill people, and he got supplies that he needed, by murduring other cities, and due to his cruelty, the people around him tried to break him down, and when he didn't have anyone to defend him, he died. Hammurabi was a little better but his role model was Sargon, so he was just like Sargon. 4. I would like to know more about... I would like to know more about Hammurabi's detailed violent law, because I would like to learn about how those laws apply to the law today, and include the violence in the laws that we will make in the future. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The part that I think I will always remember is the cruel laws that we learned about in Mesopotamia. Assignment 12 =Characteristics of Civilization= =Empire Name: Chaldeans=
 * Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Carefully read pages 76-77 and choose one of the empires below. Research the empire you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete **The Characteristics of Civilization Chart** for the empire you chose. Write **clear and detailed** answers in the chart, on your wiki page, then**answer the question** below the chart. You will also have to indicate on your Scribble Map where the civilization you chose came from.
 * ==Six Characteristics of Civilization== || ==Evidence for Characteristic== || ==Explanation== ||
 * A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. || They had an emperor. || The emperor was Nebuchadnezzar, and he was very well- known, one of the most famous. ||
 * A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. || They had farms. || Farmers cropped to get food. ||
 * Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. || They collected taxes, traded, and e.t.c || People had their own different jobs, and this is 2 of them, there is much more, such as farming. ||
 * Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. || Different people were rich, and poor. || The poor people had jobs, and rich people didn't, instead, they had slaves that did their work FOR them. ||
 * A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. ||  ||   ||
 * A religious system, which might include priests and temples. || They were Buddhists, because there were temples. || There were temples, which represent buddhists. ||

Was it difficult to find evidence for the empire you picked? Why or why not? Mine was a little challenging to find some of the evidence, because I had to really look for it, and clearly read every single detail of the resource.

=Assyrians= []

[]

=Hittites= [|http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MESO/HITTITES.HTM]

[]

=Chaldeans= []

[|http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MESO/CHALDEAN.HTM] Assignment 11 Go to this [|site] and read about the different Mesopotamian gods, goddesses, demons, and monsters. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god, goddess, demon, or monster. Then choose one that you would __**not**__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**. The one I want to be: The goddess I would choose to be is Ishtar, the goddess of war, and love. The reason I long to be Ishtar is because if I am the goddess of war AND love, if there is a war between 2 men for 1 woman, I can decide fairly who gets the woman. Also, when there is a war; a country against another, then I can stop the fight by putting people into pairs, meaning putting them together, with the power of love. And because I am standing on a lion, and holding several weapons, I can protect myself from the other gods, and spirits that wish to harm me.

The one I don't want to be: The demon I don't want to be is Pazuzu, a demon that protects humans against evil forces. The reason I wish NOT to be this demon is because the humans aren't always right, and sometimes, the humans do things that aren't respectful to the gods, like killing one of the animals from heaven. If the human does this, surely, they deserve to be casted a spell on, or acted against a evil force, so they can figure out the consequences to it, why not to do the mistake, and think about what they did wrong. If Pazuzu always protects evil forces being reached people, WE will be spoiled: we won't know what we did wrong, and due to the fact that we don't have any consequences, we wont be afraid to do things.

__Assignment 10__
1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King? I would advise the king by making the rule that the rulers of their people shall treat their people fairly, without any terms of violation. 2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE? In 2000 BCE, Ur was destroyed. 3. Where was Babylon located? Babylon was located on the Euphrates river, near what is today Baghdad, Iraq. 4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king? The king of Babylon was Hammurabi, and he became king in 1792 BCE. 5. What is a monarch? A monarch is a ruler of a kingdom, or empire. 6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire? After conquering al of Mesopotamia, Hammurabi called his empire the 'Babylonian Empire'. 7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have? The other skills that Hammurabi had was being a ruler / governor of such a big empire, and his army could fight many battles to expand his power, and he bought all of Mesopotamia into his empire; his empire built many buildings, he increased trades. 8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover? Hammurabi's had a code to: trade, murder, marriage, loans,and injury. The areas of daily life that the code covered was all of the empire that he ruled. 9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important. The 2 reasons why Hammurabi's code was important was because it contained some ideas that are still found in laws today, and it was written down in cuneiform for everyone to see. 10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire? The babylonian Empire eventually broke down, and fell; it is similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire, because they both failed, and the Akkadian Empire's emperor died. 11. Read the different laws in the [|Code of Hammurabi on this site] and choose **three** that you think are interesting. __**Copy**__ the three laws and their**numbers**onto your page. Then for **each** law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law.
 * Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Read the questions/directions carefully and write **clear and detailed** answers on your wiki page.

1. If he have no money to repay, then he shall pay in corn or sesame in place of the money as rent for what he received from the merchant, according to the royal tariff. I think that this was a cruel law, because if that person didn't have money to repay, then they don't have money, so they shall be left alone, to spend the time to earn money by getting a job, instead of forced to be in the farm, farming, in the hotness. 2. If any man, without the knowledge of the owner of a garden, fell a tree in a garden he shall pay half a mina in money. I think that this is right, because this law still applies to respecting other people, and laws today, since it is the same thing as trespassing. If a person fell into a garden, and broke a tree, they should have the responsibility to replace it. 3. If any one bring an accusation of any crime before the elders, and does not prove what he has charged, he shall, if it be a capital offense charged, be put to death. I think that this is a cruel law, because if someone accuses someone without proof, that person can make mistakes, not everyone is a detective / CSI. =__Assignment 9__= After playing the Trader's game, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then go to the **discussion tabs** of at least three other classmates and make **good quality middle school comments** about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's game. You can make comments to your classmates about if you agree or disagree with their point of viewor comments about how good their answers and ideas are. __**Trader's Circuit questions**__ 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why? The part of the game that I liked the best was the part where we got to trade, and take over ( also known as monopoly ), because we can trade other people, instead of buying stuff, we can have fun, while winning at the same time. <span class="currency_converter_link">2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? During the game, something that I felt was that some people weren't trying to trade enough of their stuff, and that the person would not trade,but only keep their stuff, because the people would ignore us when we tried to trade for the things that we needed. <span class="currency_converter_link">3. What part of the game was difficult for you? The part of the game that was difficult for me was negotiating and trading for the right price, because all of the products had different prices, and some of the people wanted to trade unfairly: 1 Jewelry for a stone, and that is an unfair trade because Jewelry was worth a 100 points, and stones were worth only 60. <span class="currency_converter_link">4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? In my opinion, the advantages that I could have for getting a monopoly is having total control of that object, and then we can restart the game, so NEW people can have a monopoly. Also, in real life, if you take control of an object, then you can earn lots of money. <span class="currency_converter_link">5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? The part of the game that I would change if we played again, is continuing on the same game, even when one person gets a monopoly, because other people might still be close to a monopoly, and if we have a monopoly, it doesn't have anything to do with restarting the game. <span class="currency_converter_link">6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why?

In this game, it was better to cooperate and negotiate with others, because you don't have to be so serious about the game, and in order to trade stuff, you have to both agree with what you are trading / price that the items are worth. =**__Assignment 8__**= Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the **whole page** in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.

ANSWER:
 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live?
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.?
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do?
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'.
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire?
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire?
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again?
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city?
 * 1) The Akkadians lived in the north of Sumer.
 * 2) Their relationship with the Sumerians were that they lived in peace together, for many years.
 * 3) Sargon was the emperor of Akkad, and he later rebelled against Sumer, took over the city, and built Akkad into a military power.
 * 4) Sargon established the world's first empire.
 * 5) Empire (v)- a government is which the head of state
 * 6) Sargon is a good leader, because he established the first empires (kept people in control, by having the first government), and he made a permanent army.
 * 7) Sargon ruled his empires for 50 years.
 * 8) The Akkadian Empire was eventually taken down by the Urs, and rebuilt.
 * 9) Ur eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again.
 * 10) In the picture, I can see there were thick huge walls, there was a river beside it, the houses are big, and complicated to attack.

__Assignment 7__
Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. Korea is a civilization since, we have a government, we have regular food that we eat (didn't suddenly change: korean food : kimchi, e.t.c) there is work that people do (house wives, also), different levels of power (depending on which jobs they have), developed culture ( teachers), and a religious systems, that include temples, and priests. <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not? In my opinion, I think that they need all of the characteristics listed below, since they are all things that help the city, there should be a government, to monitor the civilians (and make laws), there should be dependable food supply, civilians should have work to do (for their own), different powers for people, developed culture, so people can have better things, and religious system. 1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples. =Assignment 6= Please summarize the section you are responsible for. You will present your section with your partner. ZIGGURAT: Ziggurat means the mountain of god, it is the name of a temple tower, that meant a lot to the summarians, because they believed that God could climb down those steps on to Earth. It was contributed to God, and is also believed to be the home of Gods. There were smaller temples built on top of the Ziggurats, where the beds where placed, for Gods to sleep in. There are approximately 100 stairs, that lead the Gods to Earth. The ziggurats at that time where made out of mud bricks. It was located in the center of the city state. Ziggurats are approximately 80 ft high, and 200 ft wide. It is tall/wide enough to be seen from 20 miles away. It was several levels, and inside, it is decorated with zig- zag, and triangle shapes. Here is the PDF of all the sections: [|SumerianAchievementsSections.pdf] =Assignment 5 Using your sheet from class about Sumerian achievements, which achievements would go under each of these categories?= (For example, devotional statues would be under the religion category.) =**__Assignment 4__**= Go to this site ([|Sumerian Inventions]) and look at the //**Early Inventions**// section. Choose __**three**__ Sumerian inventions that you think are important for us today. In your own words, explain clearly and with details why these __**three**__ Sumerian inventions are important for us __**today**__. THREE IMPORTANT SUMERIAN INVENTIONS: 1. I think that written language was an important sumerian invention, because if we didn't have a written/ legible language that we can understand, we wouldn't be able to communicate effectively, and there will be more misunderstood communication going on. 2. I think that bronze tools, such as hammers and axes, are an important invention also, since we have to cut down trees with it (when creating a home), to chop things like fruit, and cut things that are not able to be cut by hand, OR stone. If we didn't have this invention, we wouldn't be able to build houses, make products, or have paper. 3. The sail boat was also an important invention, because a long long time ago, there were no transportation like cars that we could travel in, and we had to get across rivers, and oceans, with a sail boat. If we didn't have sail boats, then we would have to swim in the deep cold Ocean water, in which we will probably freeze to death, and get very exhausted.
 * The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:**
 * Government- City, States/ King, Arch, Written Laws.
 * Culture- Cuneiform, Games, Math, Metal working, Music, Wheel.
 * Religion- Devotional Statues, ziggurat, (music)
 * Jobs- Organized armies, Plow, medicine, sailboats, irrigation, (wheel- for the potters; transportation)

__Assignment 3__ Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?

 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page.** **Use the handouts from class called****//Event C://** //**Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**// **&** //**Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**// **to help you answer the questions.**

1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? The simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers are by carrying around buckets that were full of water. 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? The farmers prevented flooding by piling up natural natural earth, and making a small mound. 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please __**clearly**__ explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult, levees blocked floods, canals are man- made water way; and canals helped water lead to the farm path,dams are barriers, and reservoirs are water- collection pools that helps store water. 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? The word that means an extra supply of something such as food is called a surplus. 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? If one of the canals are clogged, the rest will NOT work, because they are all connected to each other. 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system? Different villages took care of the complex irrigation system by helping each other.
 * Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other? They cooperated to help each other. 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? People were connected by the irrigational canal, even though they lived apart. 3. What did many villages grow into? Many villages grew into towns and cities. 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? We call the region in Mesopotamia that grew cities and towns "Sumer, and people from Sumer are called Sumerians". 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? One city stopped the water from reaching another city is by making new canals, or blocked other city's new canals. 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? It was easy to attack cities on the Mesopotamian plains because Mesopotamia didn't have any natural barriers, such as mountains. 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city? The best defense plan to protect a city is to build a big wall around the city. Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page.** **Use the handouts from class called****//Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply//** **to help you answer the questions.**
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**
 * Assignment 2** ** Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?

1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains? The 2 major problems that the farmers had as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains is that the farms would get flooded, because they were near water, or there would be a drought, because it is a plain. 2. How did they solve these problems? The farmers solved the drought and flooding problems by building dams, or digging 2 paths for the water to flow in 2 different directions, in case there is a flood, so there are 2 streams of water that the water can go to. One of the paths can lead to the farms, so there is enough water for the crops. 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from? The melted snow that caused flooding came from mountains.
 * Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply**

Assignment 1 Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?

 * Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary clearly and with details on your wiki page.** **Use the handout from class called //Event A: Food Shortage to// help you answer the questions.**
 * Food Shortage**

ASSIGNMENT 1
1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia? The abundant food helped human population to grow in Mesopotamia. 2. What does cultivate mean? Cultivate means to develop, harvest crops. 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? The farmers in Zagros hills had a major problem of running out of food, not enough for everyone, since the populations was increasing. 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of your handout, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why? The best way to deal with food shortage is to go to another land, where there is a little less people, farm crops with the civilian's helps, and survive by eating and sharing the crops that they farmed, because if I just stay in the crowded place, people are just going to increase, since women gives birth, and the food is going to start to DECREASE until there is no food. I wouldn't wait till the last second before I die, and I would move into another land earlier, and live farming crops.

Early Humans =**__Assignment 9__**= Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... the paleolithic and neolithic era. I learned about when things got more developed,and what people did when things weren't as developed. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... century, millennium, and decade, because I didn't get when exact things happened, and the difference in years(how many years in between) between century, and millennium. 3. What surprised me the most was... how much things had developed, since the paleolithic era, and when Mr.T taught us that there were microwaves(not exactly microwaves, but just fire.)in the paleolithic era. 4. I would like to know more about... hominids, and more about what they did for the living, and consequences for things that are not supposed to be done. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was... the part about the hominids, where we learned what kinds there are, and their special talents, such as controlling fire, etc. =**__Assignment 8__**= Use these two videos about Catal Huyuk to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__ on your wiki page. 1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you? The 3 things in daily life in Catal Huyuk that suprised me was how in a world without money, power comes from rare animals, their "language", and the way they fought for mates. The power of rare animals surprised me because now days, we don't propose with animals, and we don't respect animals, instead, we EAT animals. I was surprised at their language because I didn't know that the hominids at that time would be able to communicate, or understand that language. The way they fought for mates, looked a little violent to me, since now days, we don't kill others in order for mates. 2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class? Three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that I already knew from class are that they cropped food, they used clay to make houses, and that they also made pots, and clothing. 3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. __**Explain**__ three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.) 1.Jookie doesn't have time for playing, even in free time, she has to do something that is helpful for the tribe(ex: sewing things/ clothes) If we have free time, we can play games on the internet. 2.Jookie didn't go to any academies, or schools. These days, most people go to schools, and academies. 3.Jookie had to crop food to eat it. I can just go to the market in front of my apartment, and buy it. =__Assignment 7__= Answer these questions **clearly** and **completely** on your wiki page. 1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period? The differences between life in the Paleolithic and Neolithic period is that in the Paleolithic period, things were less developed, and in the Neolithic period, things got more developed, and improved. 2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period? People's lives began to change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period since animals and plants were more in control, edible, and safer. 3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture? Some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture is that we can do, and eat more developed things, compared to the past, and if the crops don't grow, they will have to go hunt. Also, if we are selfish of the other group, we start a fight. (used to) __Assignment 6__ Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__. Please put your answers on your wiki page. 1. Read the paragraph in the //Beginnings of Agriculture// section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?). This discovery would have changed my life by finding out a way to get crops in a easier way, similar to farming: dropping seeds. 2. What is another name for the New Stone Age? Another name for the New Stone Age is " The Neolithic Era". 3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for? During the Neolithic Era, the people mad tools out of stones, and they learned to polish stones to make drills, and straws. 4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now __**make**__ fire. Which hominid would this be? The hominids that could control fire was the Homo Sapiens. 5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution? I think the reason that the historians call the Neolithic Revolution a revolution is because it was a big change at the time. 6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'? The definition of the word 'domestication' means the act of being tame. 7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia? The animals that were domesticated in Asia are horses, cattle, sheep, and goat. 8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated? Corn was first domesticated in Maize. 9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different. If I was a farmer, my life would be different than a hunter, or gatherer, because i have a very easy job, just planting, and waiting. I wont have to chase animals throughout the whole day, I don't need to know which berries are edible or toxic, and I just need to wait. = = =**__Assignment 5__**= Hominid Comic Directions Using your notes and our textbook, choose a hominid (except Homo Sapiens) and draw a comic that shows information about the hominid. Step 1: Use an A4 sheet to draw or use Comic Life (you must use original pictures, not pictures from the Internet) Step 2: Your comic should show the following information about the hominid: Step 3: Color the comic with at least five different colors. Step 4: Make sure your comic has a title __Grading__ You will be graded on neatness, accuracy of information, and creativity. =Assignment 4= Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions clearly and in complete sentences on your wiki page.
 * Catal Huyuk video 1
 * <span class="wiki_link_new">Catal Huyuk video 2
 * Read** //**The First Farmers**// **and** //**Plants**// **section on p.41 and answer these questions:**
 * A picture of the hominid
 * Language
 * Time Period and Location
 * Tools
 * Food
 * Other information

1. On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found? The huminids were found in the continent of Africa. 2. What is the scientific name of Lucy? The scientific name for Lucy is called a australopithiesus. 3. How long ago did Lucy live? Lucy lived about more than 3 million years ago. 4. What was an important step in human development? The important step in human development is that the huminids' brain got bigger, and they became upright. 5. Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer. Make sure your answer is clear and detailed.

6. Which hominid are we now? We are the Homo Sapiens __**Assignment 3**__ Please answer the following questions on your wiki page. 1. What is your role in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project? My role in the puppet show is the Stage Manager. 2. How will you make sure you perform your role well during this project? I will make sure that I perform my role well during this project by concentrating, and trying my best to stay on topic. 3. How will you deal with problems (if they happen) in your group? If there is a problem in the group, we will deal it by talking it over, and calming down. __**Assignment 2**__ Just like the questions you were asked in class, please create five questions about the timeline we used in class. Questions- 1. What events happened in 500 B.C.E~1000 C.E? 2. Were there any events that happened before sewing needles were invented? 3. How many events happened before the fish hooks were invented? 4. What is the difference between C.E and A.D? 5. Which century will (year) 4011 be? answers- 1. The Great Wall of China was beggining to get built, paper was invented in China, Paper money was invented in China, and Castles were built in Europe. 2. yes, the Burin was invented, and there was the last ice age. 3. There were 4 events before the fish hooks were invented. 4. C.E and A.D are the same thing, we live in the C.E, A.D year. 5. (year) 4011 will be the 23rd century.(4000~4099) =**__Assignment <span class="currency_converter_link">1 __**= Using your notes **and** page 4 from your online textbook, answer the following questions **on your wiki page**. 1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year? We were born in the CE, AD year. 2. Put the following dates in order: AD 2000, 3100 BC, 15 BCE, AD 476, AD 3, CE 1215 3100BC,15BCE, AD3,AD476,CE1215, AD2000 3. If you read that an event happened C, AD 1000, what would that mean? C means "circa," which means "about."
 * Australopithecus - also known as "southern ape", used early stone tools for
 * Homo habilis - known as "handy man",