Tabbara+SS+-+Christina

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__//**Welcome Mr.Tabbara!!!**//__ = = = = = = =__Ancient Greece__= =**Assignment 2**= Directions: Read the following information about the Minoans and the Mycenaeans and then answer the questions that follow **in your notebook**.

The Minoans:** Minoan culture developed on the island of Crete in approximately 3,000 B.C.E. Minoan palace murals (wall paintings) and painted pottery show us a great sea culture, fueled by fishing, farming, and local arts. The Minoans were master sailors and set up long-distance trade routes with Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. Socially, the Minoans were an egalitarian (equal) culture, with both men and women holding respected positions in the fields of religion, agriculture, and craftwork. Recreation enjoyed by the Minoans included dancing to music and song, "bull-leaping" - and boxing, complete with boxing gloves and mouth guards. The remarkable peace-loving character of the Minoan civilization is obvious because they didn't have fortresses, war equipment, and painted battle scenes among the remains of their settlements. The Minoan civilization is historically important to Greece because it was the model for the Mycenaean (pronounced my-sih-NEE-in) civilization which is considered the earliest developed culture on mainland Greece.
 * The Origins of the Greeks

Mycenae was settled in 2,700 B.C.E. Most of the myths about ancient Greek heroes and their famous battles come to us from the Mycenaeans. Later Greek poets such as Homer used these tales in their writings. The Mycenaeans spoke an early form of the Greek language, and developed an agricultural economy based on grains, grapes, and olives. Like the Minoans, they traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. Unlike the Minoans, the Mycenaeans devoted most of their energies to developing a strong military. The circular royal tombs of Mycenae reveal collections of decorated uniforms, elaborate helmets, chariots, daggers, and axes. Horses were also extremely important to the Mycenaeans, as they were the vehicles of war. Mycenaean documents suggest that their society was hierarchical, with kings and soldiers in positions of power at the top of society, and prisoners of war who became slaves at the bottom of society who served the kings and soldiers. Other than artwork showing religious festivals and musical performances, very few artifacts of entertainment were left by the Mycenaeans.
 * The Mycenaeans:**

//1. What did the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations have in common?// They both traded by sea with Egypt and Asia Minor. //2. In what ways were the Minoan and the Mycenaean civilizations different?// Minoans don't have war equipment and was not interested in battles and wars but, Mycenaeans devoted most of their energy for a strong military, with uniforms,helmets, chariots,daggers, and etc. //3. Why do you think so many aspects of Minoan civilization are found at Mycenae?// I think it is because the Minoan civilization was an important model in Greece for Mycenaeans. //4. What other geographical areas, besides Mycenae, might Minoan civilization have influenced? They might have influenced Spain, Egypt, Canaan, and Asia Minor. // //5. What aspects of Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations would you expect to have survived in later periods of Greek history?// I think developing a strong military would have survived. Also, I think dancing to music and song and boxing would have survived in later history. //6. Using your **textbook pages 256-257**, explain how the decline of the Minoans and the Mycenaeans was similar.// The decline of the two civilizations are similar because they both declined because of a natural disaster, Minoans was volcano and Mycenaeans was an earthquake. = = = = =Assignment 1=
 * Source 1:** []


 * Source 2:** []

=Ancient India **Assignment 10**= Now that we are finished our unit about ancient India, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned. Please answer clearly and with details. Each answer must be at least two sentences. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.
 * Directions:** Using **both** sources above, neatly and clearly label the following on your scribble map.
 * Greece (text label)
 * Athens (marker)
 * Corinth (marker)
 * Sparta (marker)
 * Mount Olympus (text label)
 * Crete (text label)
 * Knossos (its' a city on Crete) (marker)
 * the Aegean Sea (text label)
 * the Black Sea (text label)
 * the Ionian Sea (text label)

1. The single most important thing I learned was... Ancient India is the home of hinduism and buddhism. I didn't know they were both from India. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... I did not understand The Gupta Empire. I didn't learn much information from my sage. 3. What surprised me the most was... What surprised me the most is that both hinduism and buddhism was a religion of India. I never knew they were both from India. 4. I would like to know more about... I would like to learn more about the Indian Achievements. They seem interesting. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The part that I will always remember is that Buddhism and Hinduism was from India. Also, I will remember that Buddha was a prince.

Assignment 5

 * Website: [|India-Government]

Use the website above to answer these questions.

1. Why would having a central government help in planning and organizing a city? 2. Who were Rajahs? Rajahs are rulers of cities. 3. What is a Guru? A type of teacher. 4. What subjects were taught in school? Religious Nature was taught in school. 5. Who was in charge of the government? Indus priests were in charge of the government. 6. Why did people look up to the priests? They looked up to priests because they were the highest people and because they were the one's who made offerings to the gods. 7. Look up the word 'sage' in any dictionary. What does it mean and what word from questions 1-6 is it similar to? Sage means wise person. It connects to priests that were in charge of the government.** 1. What varna were you in during the caste system simulation? I was in the Kshatriyas verna. 2. What was your favorite part about the caste system simulation? Why? My favorite part was when the Vaisyas danced with a crop because Brahmins ordered them to. It was my favorite part because it was funny 3. What part of the simulation made you angry, upset, or frustrated? Why? The part where I had to dance on one foot made angry. It made me angry because I felt embarrassed and it made me wonder why I have to do this. 4. Do you think this system is fair? Why or why not? I do not think this system is fair. I think it is not fair because just because you might not be a Aryan you shouldn't be treated as slaves. 5. Do you think a society should organize people into social classes? Why or Why not? I think a society shouldn't organize people in social levels. I think this because if a society organized people like this the people would rebel and leave the society so, the society will fall. Assignment 3 Source: ** [|Archeologists Ideas Mohenjo-Daro.pdf] Think about the activity we did in class as archeologists in Mohenjo-Daro. Using the source above, your ideas, and the notes you took about archeologists ideas, answer the following questions clearly and completely on your wiki page. **Each answer should be at least two sentences long with specific information.**
 * __Assignment 4__**
 * Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

1. What have you learned about daily life in Mohenjo-Daro from this activity? I learned that they played games by the game artifacts. Also, I learned that in their homes there was indoor bathrooms and windows. Also, I learned that they had drains which means they really had no difference to our cities right now. 2. Which characteristics of civilization do you see represented in the artifacts you looked at? Explain. I think the statue of a king represents a system of government. Also, I think the Great Bath represents a system of religion because the Great Bath was used for religious ceremonies. Also, they have a regular food supply because they traded that means they had enough food. 3. In what ways do you think Mohenjo-Daro was like a modern city? I think it is like a modern city because they have drains and bathrooms. Also, I think it is like our modern city because when we go to markets they scale the food and get an amount of money just the the trade system they had. Also, they had entertainment just like us because they had games too. 4. Why do you think it is difficult for us to know exactly what life was like in ancient civilizations like those in the Indus-Sarasvati region? I think it is difficult because there is only a little artifacts. Also, I think it is difficult because this city doesn't exist right now. Also, I think it is because we can not read there writing. 5. What do you think might have contributed to the decline of Mohenjo-Daro? I think the people of Mohenjo-Daro used the Sarasvati River for a water source. But, then the Thar Dessert expanded causing the Sarasvati River to dry, which means they had no more water so, the city declined. Also, I think the city might of declined because of a natural disaster. __Assignment 2__** Website: [|Indus Valley] Use the website above to answer these questions. Write your answers in **complete sentences** with **clear details** on your wiki page. 1. What was discovered during the excavations of Mohenjo-Daro? The ancient city of Harrapa was discovered. 2. How is Mohenjo-Daro similar to our cities today? We have streets and towns just like them. The people lived in brick houses. Also, they had grains and grain-covers just like our cities and underground big drains where people worked just like us. 3. What can we learn from archaeological discoveries (such as artifacts and city construction) in Mohenjo-Daro? That the people in Mohenjo-daro built the house walls very strong with bricks. 4. Give clear and specific information about how people lived in Mohenjo-Daro. In your answer, you have to talk about the artifacts that you discovered and put into the museum. The people lived in brick houses with doors and windows. Also,they used wells for fresh drinking water. They used carts for transportation. The people wore necklaces. Also, they used plates and stone weights for measuring things when they traded. 5. What do we know about the Priest-King? We know that he was an important man or priest. 6. What was the Great Bath and how was it used? The great bath was a building. People are thinking that this is a large bath used for religious purposes like purifying themselves. They filled them up with wells. =__media type="custom" key="5113181" Assignment 1__= Source: [|IndiaSubcontinentMapTrans.jpg] Directions: Look at the map above, read the text below, and answer the following questions on your wiki page: In the 1990's, satellite pictures revealed an ancient, dried riverbed located in India's present-day Thar Desert. Geologists have identified this riverbed as the route of the ancient Sarasvati River. The Sarasvati lay east of the Indus River and generally followed the same course, originating in the Himalaya mountains and emptying into the Arabian Sea. Geologists believe that the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E. Over time, the once fertile area around the Sarasvati evolved into the dry, hot desert that exists today. Early Indian agricultural settlements arose in the Indus-Sarasvati river region at least as far back as 6500 B.C.E. Like many other ancient peoples, the early Indians settled by rivers. They settled primarily on the banks of the Sarasvati River as well as along the banks of the Indus River. These rivers provided the ancient Indians with plenty of water, and the land near the rivers was fertile and excellent for growing crops. The rivers also provided the Indians with a convenient way to travel and trade among themselves and with other civilizations. Archeologists have found artifacts from the Indus-Sarasvati civilization - such as carved seals - in Mesopotamia's Sumer. These discoveries have led scholars to believe that the early Indians traded with Mesopotamia, possibly by traveling in ships down the Indus and Sarasvati rivers to the Arabian Sea and then west to Sumer and other locations. After the Sarasvati River dried up around 1900 B.C.E., the Indus-Sarasvati Indians moved to more habitable areas, such as the fertile banks of the Ganga river further east. Archeological evidence shows, however, that people settled by the Ganga River as far back as 5000 B.C.E.

Questions: 1. In what ways is your map similar to the one that you see in the map above? I see that the map has physiographic features too. 2. What physiographic features can you identify on this map that are not on your map? That the map above has the Sarasvati River. 3. Why do you think settlements developed along the Indus and Sarasvati rivers? Explain with clear and complete details. I think they developed settlements at the Indus and Sarasvati Rivers because around both rivers it was fertile land and it was close to the kyber gap so they could trade easily. 4. Accurately draw and label the ancient Sarasvati River on your map. 5. Why did ancient Indian people eventually migrate to the Ganga River?They migrated because the Sarasvati River dried up and because there was more habitable places. Egypt

__Assignment 12__ Now that we are finished with the ancient Egypt unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about ancient Egypt. Please complete these sentences **clearly and with specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... That Egyptians praised many gods and not just one. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was.. Why did they believe in gods and not other things? 3. What surprised me the most was... What surprised me the most is how smart the Egyptians were. 4. I would like to know more about... I would like to learn more about the different kinds of gods. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The part that I will always remember is the process of the underworld and how they believed it. __Assignment 7__ Read the information here about the three kingdoms in ancient Egypt. The problem with these three paragraphs is that each paragraph does not have specific details or evidence. Your task is to find specific details and evidence from our textbook for the information presented in each paragraph about each kingdom. Then re-write the paragraph adding the new specific details and evidence you found. Write the new paragraph on your wiki page. The Old Kingdom (2700 BCE - 2200 BCE) Specific details and evidence can be found on pages 98-100 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...** Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 101-102 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...** __**Part 3**__ ** The New Kingdom (1570 BCE - 1070 BCE) ** **Specific details and evidence about this kingdom can be found on pages 102-103 in our textbook. Your specific details and evidence should give more information about...** -1560 BCE -Hyksos controlled Nile Delta(North) -Southern part controlled by Nubians -These strangers lived in Egypt for 150 years -The egyptian royal family(Pharaoh) lived in Thebes -Egyptians hated foreigners and thought they were savages. First, Egypt conquered the homeland of the Hyksos then, they continued heading up and conquered Syria. Also, Rameses fought out the Hittites. Also, Amose drove off the Hyksos. Also, after the battle with the Hyksos Egypt was afraid of future invasions. So, they decided to do battle an take over all the possible invasion routes, like Syria and of southern Nubia. As the empire increased the trade routes did also. Queen Hatshepsut, sent Egyptian traders to the south to Punt and Red Sea and she sent them to the north to Asia Minor and Greece. In these places they traded gold, copper, and timber. =**__Assignment 6__**=
 * Part 1
 * Pyramids (definition, examples, construction details)
 * ======A pyramid is a huge,stone tombs with triangle shaped sides that met at a point at the top. One of the famous pyramid is The Great Pyramid of Khufu. These Pyramids were made out of more than 2 million limestone blocks. Also, to build these pyramids they needed thousands of workers .The importance of the Pyramids meant the importance of a Pharaoh. The shape and size were a symbol for the pharaoh's journey afterlife. The Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh was there connection to the gods so, how much good the Pyramids were built depended on there afterlives.======
 * Part 2**
 * The Middle Kingdom (2100 BCE - 1800 BCE)
 * the difference with the Old Kingdom
 * what life was like during this time
 * wars or battles and who was involved
 * In the middle kingdom the wealth and power of the Pharaoh decreased. Maintaining the pyramids were cost a lot of money and the Pharaoh could not collect enough taxes because of their expenses. Also, the nobles used their government positions to take over part of the Pharaoh's positions. Near the end of the middle kingdom Egypt began to fall one more time. Then the Hyksos from Southwest Asia invades Egypt and rules the region for 200 years then, the Ahmos of Thebes declares egypt back.
 * what new territories were conquered
 * names of pharaoh's involved in expansion
 * wars or battles and who was involved
 * trading (who and what)

Christina's Comic: Due Dates: A Block- Wednesday January 20 D Block- Wednesday January 20 G Block- Tuesday January 19 (Note: At the beginning of class on the due date, we will convert your comic to a PDF and upload it to your wiki page.) =**__Assignment 5__**= =**Assignment 4**= I would like to be Sekhmet because this God helped people win wars. I would not like to Anubis because he kept dead people live looking. Apkallu(Mes) god and Hapy(Epypt) God are similer because they both had to do with flooding. I think it is because the Egyptians thought that they needed a god like these too. =__Assignment 2 Source: Read pages 93 & 94 in your online textbook__=
 * Directions: Use your notes, wiki assignments, and the Egyptian Underworld video to create a comic showing the mummification process and the Egyptian underworld using ComicLife. Your comic must show the following:**
 * the process of mummifying a pharaoh
 * the tomb of the pharaoh and the entry into the underworld
 * at least three obstacles the spirit has to go through in the underworld
 * the various demons or dangers of the underworld
 * spells/passwords/magic words that you create to help the spirit through the underworld
 * must be colorful and detailed
 * a title and your name
 * length: two to four pages which includes a bibliography page for images or information you use
 * additional information we didn't learn from **one** of the following sources:
 * []
 * []
 * Source:** How to Mummify Nefermaat
 * Directions:** Go to the link above to mummify a body. As you work to mummify the body, answer the following questions __**clearly and with details**__ on your wiki page.
 * 1) Why did Egyptians want to [|preserve] dead bodies? So that the soul could recognize it after death.
 * 2) How did they [|preserve] bodies? Through several elaborate stages of drying out the body and wrapping it in protective bandages.What is this process of preservation called?Mummification
 * 3) Explain how the brain was removed from the dead body. You take a metal hook and put it through the nose and take it out piece by piece.Why was the brain removed? because Egyptians did not think it was very important.
 * 4) Name the four internal organs that were removed from the body. intestines,stomach, liver, lungs.What was done with these organs? They were put in to canopic jars with lids that represented the four sons of Horus.Then the jars will go in the tomb with the body.
 * 5) What did they do with the heart? They left it in the body. Why?Because they of the heart the way we think of the brain so, it was important.
 * 6) What is natron and why was it used?It is salt and it is used to absorb the moisture from the body. Using your scribble map of Egypt, name the area where natron came from.
 * 7) How was [|linen] used during mummification? To wrap the the body.
 * 8) What are [|amulets] and how were they used? There are shaped stones.To make the body in good shape.Give two examples of amulets that were used and explain why they were used. Udjat for good health. Heart to protect the heart in the afterlife.
 * 9) What happens to the body after it was mummified? It gets goes in a mummy case and into the tomb.
 * Part 1:** Go to this [|site] and read about the different Egyptian gods and goddesses . Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god or goddess . Then choose one that you would __** not **__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**.
 * Part 2:** Compare these Egyptian gods and goddesses with the [|Mesopotamian gods and goddesses] . Did you find similar gods? Name the gods/goddesses and clearly explain the similarities? Why do you think they are similar even though Egypt and the Mesopotamian civilizations were different?
 * Directions: Answer the following questions clearly and with details on your wiki page.**

1. Read the //If YOU were there section//. How do you feel about working for the pharaoh? Not good because I pay taxes and with the taxes can hire a worker and I should do my own work. 2. Eventually the Third Dynasty began in ancient Egypt. The Third Dynasty was the beginning of what historians call Old Kingdom. When did it start and end? 2700B.C to 2200 B.C. 3. Explain how ancient Egyptians felt about their country and their pharaoh. Egyptians believed that the Pharaoh is both king and god. 4. What were the responsibilities of the pharaoh? To make crops grow well, to prevent diseases, make trading profitable, and prevent wars. 5. What is best known about the famous pharaoh, Khufu? The monuments that were built for him.Can you name a specific monument built for him?The great pyramid of khufu 6.a Clearly explain the structure of society in the Old Kingdom. (Note: This should be a long answer.) The top society was the Pharaoh. Then, there was the upper classes who were priests and government officials. Next was the middle class who were scribes rich people and craftspeople. Then there was the lower class that was more than 80 percent of the population. 6.b. What may be some advantages and disadvantages of such a large segment of the population being farmers, servants, and slaves? The advantage is that since there is more people they will have have more people to work for them, but the disadvantages were that if there was rebellion they would be doomed. 6.c. What did farmers do during flood season? They work for the Pharaoh. 7. Clearly explain trading in ancient Egypt (what was traded and who they traded with). They traded with neighbors, they traded with Nubia for gold, copper, ivory, slaves, and stone for building. Also with, Syria for wood to build and for fire. 8. Define the word //**acquire**//. To get. Use //**acquire**// in an original sentence. I would love to acquire a lot of presents for Christmas. 9. Using the drawing of Egyptian society on page 94, explain where Viziers would be placed? They should be after the Pharaoh because they assist the Pharaoh. =Assignment 1=


 * Sources:**
 * **Carefully read your online textbook pages 88 and 89.** **(Note: Make sure you scroll down on page 89 to see more information.)**
 * **Use the map above, the maps in the //Egypt Resources// wiki page, or your Scribble Map search function**


 * Directions:**
 * **Your task is to label a map of the Nile River and ancient Egypt on your current Scribble Map. You must mark, label, or represent famous sites, cities, and other objects. //Label everything carefully//.** (Note: //Mark// means use a marker, //label// means use a text label, //represent// means draw a symbol to show the item.)
 * **You must also provide an image and a description for some of the labels. Each description must be at least three sentences long and must be clear, detailed, and specific. Your description should give us clear information to help us understand the item or place and why it was so important for ancient Egyptians.**

1. Represent and label the Nile’s Sixth Cataract to the First Cataract.

2. Label the Red Sea.

3. Represent and mark three mines and three quarries. **Provide an image and a description for each mine and quarry.**

4. Represent and label these historic sites: the Valley of the Kings, the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Sphinx, Abu Simbel, the Pharos (lighthouse in the port of Alexandria), the Bahriya Oasis and the Farafra oasis (include palm trees). **Provide an image and a description for each historic site.**

5. Mark these cities: Abydos, Thebes, Giza, Hermopolis, Memphis, Bubastis , Rosetta, Alexandria, Meroe , Khartoum , and Elephantine

6 . Label these geographical features: the Western Desert, the Eastern Desert, the Nile Delta (include animals found here), the Sinai Peninsula, the Wadi el-Natrun, the Mediterranean Sea, the Gulf of Suez, the Nubian Desert. Include animals of the desert. **Provide an image and a description for each geographical feature.**

7. Label Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt. = __Mesopotamia__ = = = =**__Assignment 13__**= Now that we are finished with the Mesopotamia unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Mesopotamia. Please complete these sentences **clearly and with specific details**. Write the answers on your wiki page. If you need reminders of what we did, just scroll through the assignments on this page or look through your notes.

1. The single most important thing I learned was... There were a lot of city-states in mesopotamia and the emperors were really strong and smart even though it was a long time ago. 2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... I have nothing that was really confusing or I couldn't understand. 3. What surprised me the most was... All the strict and rough laws of Hammurabi. 4. I would like to know more about... The Assyrian Civilization. 5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The codes of Hammurabi. =**__Assignment 12__**= =Characteristics of Civilization= =Empire Name: _Assyrian= of the members of the society. || They had leaders like Shamshi Adad and kings || They created their own empire under his leadership. || given higher status than others. || Slaves,Citizens, princesses, and leaders. || There were regular people, slaves, princesses and there were leaders. || literature, science, and writing || Along the way to Assur soldiers collected cloth, gold, artwork or slaves. || Some artwork examples are pottery of clay, and statues were made out of stone or clay. || Was it difficult to find evidence for the empire you picked? Why or why not? No, it was not because the web sites gave extra and detailed information. =Assyrians= []
 * Source: Read pages 76 and 77 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Carefully read pages 76-77 and choose one of the empires below. Research the empire you have chosen (two links are provided for each already) and complete **The Characteristics of Civilization Chart** for the empire you chose. Write **clear and detailed** answers in the chart, on your wiki page, then **answer the question** below the chart. You will also have to indicate on your Scribble Map where the civilization you chose came from.
 * ==Six Characteristics of Civilization== || ==Evidence for Characteristic== || ==Explanation== ||
 * 1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions
 * 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. ||  ||   ||
 * 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. || They had soldiers and traders. || Soldiers collected slaves and artwork. And traders traded things from Turkey. ||
 * 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are
 * 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music,
 * 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples. || They believed in ancient gods. || They expanded south Babylonia to respect them. ||

[] =**__Assignment 11__**= Go to this [|site] and read about the different Mesopotamian gods, goddesses, demons, and monsters. Choose one of these that you would like to be and explain why you would like to be that god, goddess, demon, or monster. Then choose one that you would __**not**__ want to be and explain why. Make sure your explanations are **middle school quality explanations**. Bull-man: I would not like to be a bull man because then I would have bull arms and legs. Gula: I would like to be Gula because I would love to heal people and help them. =**__Assignment 10__**=
 * Source: Read pages 74 and 75 in your online textbook**
 * Directions:** Read the questions/directions carefully and write **clear and detailed** answers on your wiki page.

1. Read the "If you were there..." section on page 74. How will you advise the King? No, because being a noble or being a common person doesn't have to do with anything on getting punished. 2. What happened to Ur by 2000 BCE? It turned into ruins. 3. Where was Babylon located? On the Euphrates River near what is today Baghdad, Iraq. 4. Who became the king of Babylon? When did he become king? Hammurabi. In1792 BC. 5. What is a monarch? A ruler of a kingdom or empire. 6. After conquering all of Mesopotamia, what did Hammurabi call his empire? Babylonian Empire 7. Hammurabi was a great warrior and leader. What other skills did he have? He was famous for his code of laws. 8. What is Hammurabi's Code? What areas of daily life did the code cover? A set of 282 laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life. Like, trade,loans,theft to marriage, injury, and murder. 9. Give two reasons why Hammurabi's Code was important. It protected the citizens and it made people like him and they were the first detailed laws. 10. What eventually happened to the Babylonian Empire? How is this similar to what happened to the Akkadian Empire? It ended after Hammurabi's death. They both ended after the emperor's died. 11. Read the different laws in the [|Code of Hammurabi on this site] and choose three that you think are interesting. Copy the three laws and their numbersonto your page. Then for each law, explain why you think it's interesting. You can write about if you disagree or agree with the law or if you think the law is a good law or a cruel law. =Assignment 9=

After playing the Trader's game, answer the following questions in complete sentences on your page. You can copy and paste these questions into your page. Then go to the **discussion tabs** of at least three other classmates and make **good quality middle school comments** about your classmates answers to the questions about the Trader's game. You can make comments to your classmates about if you agree or disagree with their point of view or comments about how good their answers and ideas are. __** Trader's Circuit questions **__ 1. What part of the game did you like the best? Why?I like the trading part best because when I traded I felt like a Sumerian. 2. During the game, how did you feel and why did you feel that way? I thought it was kind of fun because there was actually a purpose to trade which is trying to be a monopoly. 3. What part of the game was difficult for you? It was difficult when I asked to trade to people and they said they didn't have it and they really did. 4. In your opinion, what advantage is there to having a monopoly of an entire product/resource such as dates or jewelry? I had a lot of different kinds of trading things and also I started out with a lot of jewelry. 5. What part of the game would you change if you played it again? Why? If you have the trading thing the other person is asking for you have to give it to them. Because then everybody will get to have a chance to have monopoly. 6. In this game, was it better to cooperate with another player or to be selfish and try to get all the products/resources for yourself? Why? Because nobody will get monopoly and so won't you. __**Assignment 8**__ Use your online textbook pages 63 & 64 to answer these questions clearly and with details on your wiki page. Make sure to look through the whole page in your textbook and the links for the vocabulary when answering some of the questions.

=**__Assignment 7__**= Using **The Six Characteristics of a Civilization** (see below)**,** answer the following questions **clearly** and with **details** on your wiki page. = = 1. Is Korea/ the U.S. a civilization according to the six characteristics explained in class? Provide one example from Korea/the U.S. for each characteristic. 2. Does a civilization, in your opinion, need to have all of the characteristics mentioned? Why or why not? No, because a lot of countries don't have all these characteristics. 1. A system of government that directs and controls some actions of the members of the society. Presidents control the the actions of the society. 2. A regular food supply that is not likely to suddenly change. They have regular food supplies because they have farms. 3. Specialization of labor, in which members of the society perform different jobs. We have different jobs like doctors and teachers. 4. Different social levels, in which some members of the society are given higher status than others. An example is rich and poor 5. A highly developed culture including art, architecture, music, literature, science, and writing. These are the examples church, pop, piano, in light bulbs, and alphabet. 6. A religious system, which might include priests and temples. churches and pastors =Assignment 6= Please summarize the section you are responsible for. You will present your section with your partner. Here is the PDF of all the sections: [|SumerianAchievementsSections.pdf] =**__Assignment 5__**= Using your sheet from class about Sumerian achievements, which achievements would go under each of these categories? (For example, devotional statues would be under the religion category.) =**__Assignment 4__**= Go to this site ([|Sumerian Inventions]) and look at the //**Early Inventions**// section. Choose __**three**__ Sumerian inventions that you think are important for us today. In your own words, explain clearly and with details why these __**three**__ Sumerian inventions are important for us __**today**__. 1. The wheel: Today we use the wheel for transportation like cars, buses, airplanes, and motorcycles. 2. The sailboat: The sailboat gives us transportation too which is called boat traveling. 3. The fry pan: The fry pan we still use to cook is every useful for fried egg, fried rice and lots more. =**__Assignment 3__**= Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page.** **Use the handouts from class called****//Event C://** //**Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**// **&** //**Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**// **to help you answer the questions.**
 * 1) Where did the Akkadians live? They lived North of Sumer
 * 2) What was their relationship with the Sumerians like before the 2300s B.C.E.? They were very different, but lived in peace for many years.
 * 3) Who was Sargon and what did he do? He was the Akkadian Emperor, and Sargon made the first emperor.
 * 4) What did Sargon establish?
 * 5) Define 'empire'. Land with different territories and people under a single rule
 * 6) Explain two examples why Sargon is considered a great leader. He ate with his soldiers, and the first army with bows and arrows.
 * 7) How long did Sargon rule his empire? For more than fifty years.
 * 8) What eventually happened to the Akkadian Empire? It only lasted one century after his death.
 * 9) Who eventually became the most powerful civilization in Mesopotamia again? Sumerians
 * 10) Using the picture of the City-State of Ur, what can you see in the picture that shows Ur was an advanced city? They had houses, marketplaces, and a wall
 * The Six Characteristics of a Civilization:**
 * Government: Organized Armies, City-States Kings,Written Laws
 * Culture: Music,Games, Cuneiform/Writing, Mathematics, Arch
 * Religion: Devotional Statues, Ziggurat
 * Jobs: Metal Working, Medicine, Plow, Irrigation,Sailboat, Wheel
 * Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?

1. What was the first simple method farmers used to get water to their fields from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers? They used the buckets to transfer water. 2. How did farmers prevent flooding? They built natural earth walls called levees. 3. Over time, carrying buckets of water to the fields was too difficult. Please __**clearly**__ explain how levees, canals, dams, and reservoirs were used to make life easier for farmers? Levees are earth walls that block the water. Canals controls the paths of the water that flows. Dams help block the water so the farm doesn't flood. Reservoir a thing that stores water. 4. Which word means an extra supply of something such as food? Surplus 5. What could happen if one canal was clogged? All the other farms would not get water. 6. How did different villages take care of the complex irrigation system? They cooperated with other villages to regularly maintain the entire irrigation system.
 * Event C: Building and Maintaining a Complex Irrigation System**

1. How did Mesopotamian villages help each other?They cooperated with other villages to regularly maintain the entire irrigation system. 2. How were people, who lived very far apart, connected to each other? Because of the irrigation canals. 3. What did many villages grow into? They grew into towns and cities. 4. What do we call the region in Mesopotamia that had many growing cities and towns? What are the people called that come from this region? They called this area Sumer and the people who lived there were called Sumerians. 5. How could one city stop the water from reaching another city? All they had to do is block the canals because the canals are connected. 6. Why was it easy to attack other cities on the Mesopotamian plains? They provided no natural barriers for protection. =** 7. What defense plan is best to protect a city? they built a wall around the city. __Assignment 2__**= Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary (if any) __clearly__ and with __details__ on your wiki page.** **Use the handouts from class called****//Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply//** **to help you answer the questions.**
 * Event D: Attacks by Neighboring Communities**
 * Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?

1. What two major problems did farmers have as they tried to grow their crops on the Mesopotamian river plains? They had droughts and floods. 2. How did they solve these problems? They made water ways that are connected from a river to farm land and built dams. 3. Where did the melted snow that caused flooding come from? It came from the Zagros mountains. = __Assignment 1__ = Answer the following questions and define the vocabulary clearly and with details on your wiki page.** **Use the handout from class called //Event A: Food Shortage to// help you answer the questions.** 1. What helped the human population to grow in Mesopotamia? Farmers settling in one spot made farming grow over a long time of period. Then the food supply grew and improved technology. Also, the houses were sturdier. 2. What does cultivate mean? grew. 3. By 5000 B.C.E. what major problem did the farmers in the Zagros hills have? They did not have enough land to to grow crops and increase the population. 4. Using the choices in the critical thinking section of your handout, what is the best way to deal with the food shortage? Why? I picked A. because if you plant the crops more often there could be a better chance for plants to grow. = __Early Humans__ = =**Assignment 9**= Now that we are finished with the Early Humans unit, I would like you to reflect on what you have learned about Early Humans. Please complete these sentences clearly and with specific details. Write the answers on your wiki page.
 * Event B: Uncontrolled Water Supply**
 * Are you smarter than a Neolithic person?
 * Food Shortage**

1. The single most important thing I learned was... The hominids I think the hominids were most important and interesting.

2. Something that confused me or that I didn't understand was... The timeline with B.C.E. and C.E

3. What surprised me the most was... The hominids and how they lived.

4. I would like to know more about... How we developed to make one kind of food into a recipe.

5. The part that I think I will always remember was... The part I think I will remember most is the hominids.

__Assignment 8__ Use these two videos about Catal Huyuk to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__ on your wiki page. 1. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk that surprised you? Why did they surprise you? Fighting, loving, and jealousy. I didn't know they could fight very violently physically. Also I didn't know they had a lot of feelings. 2. What are three things about daily life in Catal Huyuk you knew already from class? They hunted, planted, and had clothes on. 3. Jookie is a 12 year old living in Catal Huyuk. __**Explain**__ three ways her life is different than yours. (Note: Simply saying you have cell phones and she doesn't is an unacceptable answer.) We have better clothes so I can where something that is my style. She cant eat what she wants to eat everyday and sometimes not even be full. I have education and she might not know a lot of things and be curious forever. =__Assignment 7__= Answer these questions clearly and completely on your wiki page.
 * Catal Huyuk video 1
 * Catal Huyuk video 2

1. What was the main difference between life in the Paleolithic period and life in the Neolithic period? The main difference was was technology and agriculture. 2. How did people's lives change as they began to domesticate plants and animals during the Neolithic period? Plants and animals were domesticated so they can eat them and use them as clothes. 3. What are some advantages and disadvantages of the changes in daily life that occurred as a result of the development of agriculture? An advantage is that we didn't have to move from place to place and we can storage food. A disadvantage is that there all in one place so animals would be eating them.

__Assignment 6__ Use your online textbook (p. 40 & p. 41) to answer these questions __**clearly**__ and __**completely**__. Please put your answers on your wiki page. 1. Read the paragraph in the //Beginnings of Agriculture// section on p.40 and answer the question (How could this discovery change your life?). If we had enough food we can save it for winter. Read //The First Farmers// and //Plants// section on p.41 and answer these questions: 2. What is another name for the New Stone Age? It is Neolithic Era. 3. What kinds of tools did people make during this time? What do you think they used these tools for? They made stone tools and I think they used them as saws and drills. 4. In the textbook it says that people during the Neolithic period could now __**make**__ fire. Which hominid would this be? The Homo Sapiens. 5. When we changed from gathering food to growing food, historians called it the Neolithic Revolution. Why do you think it's called a revolution? Because a lot of change happened. 6. What is the definition for the word 'domestication'? A process of changing plants or animals to make them more useful to humans. 7. Using the map on p.41, which animals were domesticated in Asia? Horse,cattle, sheep, goat. 8. Using the map on p.41, where was corn first domesticated? North America 9. If you were a farmer, how would your life be different than a hunter and gatherer. Give three ways your life would be different. Farmers produce food and gatherers just get food from whats grown. Hunters catch things that are already alive but farmers produce food. Farmers do not directly farm but gatherers do. =__Assignment 4__= Please read pages 29 & 30 from your online textbook and answer these questions __**clearly** and in **complete sentences** on your wiki page__. 1. On which continent were Lucy and other hominids found? Lucy was found Africa. 2. What is the scientific name of Lucy? The scientific name is Australopithecus. 3. How long ago did Lucy live? Lucy lived 3 million years ago. 4. What was an important step in human development? The ability to walk on two legs. 5. Describe and explain how these hominids are different from each other. Use the charts about the hominids on page 30 to help you with the answer. Make sure your answer is **clear and detailed.**
 * Australopithecus: The name means "southern ape "and it appeared 4-5 million years ago and 1-3 of a modern humans brain.
 * Homo habilis:The name means"handy man"and it appeared 2.4 million years ago and half the size brain of a modern humans brain.
 * Homo erectus:The name means "upright man" and it appeared 2-1.5 million years ago and learned how to control fire.
 * Homo sapiens: The name means "wise man" and it appeared 200,000 years ago and developed language.

6. Which hominid is us now? The hominid that is us now is Homo sapiens. =**Assignment 3**= Please answer the following questions on your wiki page. 1. What is your role in the 'Creation of a Puppet Show' project? I am the Script Manager and partly the Stage Manager. 2. How will you make sure you perform your role well during this project? I will try my best and think deeply. 3. How will you deal with problems (if they happen) in your group? I will not panic and think fast.

=Assignment 2= J ust like the questions you were asked in class, please create five questions about the timeline we used in class. Click here -> [|Timeline of Human History.pdf] to see a copy of the timeline. Write your questions **and the answers** on your wiki page. 1. How many years is it between castles built in Europe and Columbus reaches America? About 500 years after castles were built. 2. What century was paper money invented? About in the 9th century paper money was invented. 3. What decade was the 22-letter alphabet created by Phoenicians? In the 110th decade the alphabet as invented. 4. What century was the colored T.V. invented?The colored T.V. was invented in the 20th century. 5. What millennium did Columbus reach America? Columbus reached America in the first millennium. =Assignment 1=

1. Were you born in a BCE year or an CE year? I was born in a CE year. 2. Put the following dates in order: 3100 BC, 15 BCE, 3 AD, AD 2000, 1215 CE, 476 AD. 3. If a event happened c.AD 1000,what would that mean? It means about AD 1000. = = = =